# hs.timer

Execute functions with various timing rules

NOTE: timers use NSTimer internally, which will be paused when computers sleep. Especially, repeating timers won't be triggered at the specified time when there are sleeps in between. The workaround is to prevent system from sleeping, configured in Energy Saver in System Preferences.

# Submodules

# API Overview

Functions - API calls offered directly by the extension

  • absoluteTime
  • days
  • hours
  • localTime
  • minutes
  • seconds
  • secondsSinceEpoch
  • usleep
  • weeks

Constructors - API calls which return an object, typically one that offers API methods

  • doAfter
  • doAt
  • doEvery
  • doUntil
  • doWhile
  • new
  • waitUntil
  • waitWhile

Methods - API calls which can only be made on an object returned by a constructor

  • fire
  • nextTrigger
  • running
  • setNextTrigger
  • start
  • stop

# API Documentation

# Functions

# absoluteTime

Signature hs.timer.absoluteTime() -> nanoseconds
Type Function
Description Returns the absolute time in nanoseconds since the last system boot.
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • the time since the last system boot in nanoseconds
Notes
  • this value does not include time that the system has spent asleep
  • this value is used for the timestamps in system generated events.
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 447

# days

Signature hs.timer.days(n) -> sec
Type Function
Description Converts days to seconds
Parameters
  • n - A number of days
Returns
  • The number of seconds in n days
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 81

# hours

Signature hs.timer.hours(n) -> seconds
Type Function
Description Converts hours to seconds
Parameters
  • n - A number of hours
Returns
  • The number of seconds in n hours
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 70

# localTime

Signature hs.timer.localTime() -> number
Type Function
Description Returns the number of seconds since local time midnight
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • the number of seconds
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 215

# minutes

Signature hs.timer.minutes(n) -> seconds
Type Function
Description Converts minutes to seconds
Parameters
  • n - A number of minutes
Returns
  • The number of seconds in n minutes
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 59

# seconds

| | | | --------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Signature | hs.timer.seconds(timeOrDuration) -> seconds | | Type | Function | | Description | Converts a string with a time of day or a duration into number of seconds | | Parameters |

  • timeOrDuration - a string that can have any of the following formats: "HH:MM:SS" or "HH:MM" - represents a time of day (24-hour clock), returns the number of seconds since midnight "DDdHHh", "HHhMMm", "MMmSSs", "DDd", "HHh", "MMm", "SSs", "NNNNms" - represents a duration in days, hours, minutes, seconds and/or milliseconds
| | Returns |
  • The number of seconds
| | Notes | None | | Examples | None | | Source | extensions/timer/timer.lua line 45 |

# secondsSinceEpoch

Signature hs.timer.secondsSinceEpoch() -> sec
Type Function
Description Gets the (fractional) number of seconds since the UNIX epoch (January 1, 1970)
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • The number of seconds since the epoch
Notes
  • This has much better precision than os.time(), which is limited to whole seconds.
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 424

# usleep

Signature hs.timer.usleep(microsecs)
Type Function
Description Blocks Lua execution for the specified time
Parameters
  • microsecs - A number containing a time in microseconds to block for
Returns
  • None
Notes
  • Use of this function is strongly discouraged, as it blocks all main-thread execution in Hammerspoon. This means no hotkeys or events will be processed in that time, no GUI updates will happen, and no Lua will execute. This is only provided as a last resort, or for extremely short sleeps. For all other purposes, you really should be splitting up your code into multiple functions and calling hs.timer.doAfter()
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 243

# weeks

Signature hs.timer.weeks(n) -> sec
Type Function
Description Converts weeks to seconds
Parameters
  • n - A number of weeks
Returns
  • The number of seconds in n weeks
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 92

# Constructors

# doAfter

Signature hs.timer.doAfter(sec, fn) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Calls a function after a delay
Parameters
  • sec - A number of seconds to wait before calling the function
  • fn - A function to call
Returns
  • An hs.timer object
Notes
  • There is no need to call :start() on the returned object, the timer will be already running.
  • The callback can be cancelled by calling the :stop() method on the returned object before sec seconds have passed.
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 205

# doAt

Signature hs.timer.doAt(time[, repeatInterval], fn[, continueOnError]) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Creates and starts a timer which will perform fn at the given (local) time and then (optionally) repeat it every interval.
Parameters
  • time - number of seconds after (local) midnight, or a string in the format "HH:MM" (24-hour local time), indicating the desired trigger time
  • repeatInterval - (optional) number of seconds between triggers, or a string in the format "DDd", "DDdHHh", "HHhMMm", "HHh" or "MMm" indicating days, hours and/or minutes between triggers; if omitted or 0 the timer will trigger only once
  • fn - a function to call every time the timer triggers
  • continueOnError - an optional boolean flag, defaulting to false, which indicates that the timer should not be automatically stopped if the callback function results in an error.
Returns
  • a timer object
Notes
  • The timer can trigger up to 1 second early or late
  • The first trigger will be set to the earliest occurrence given the repeatInterval; if that's omitted,
  • and time is earlier than the current time, the timer will trigger the next day. If the repeated interval
  • results in exactly 24 hours you can schedule regular jobs that will run at the expected time independently
  • of when Hammerspoon was restarted/reloaded. E.g.:
  • If it's 19:00, hs.timer.doAt("20:00",somefn) will set the timer 1 hour from now
  • If it's 21:00, hs.timer.doAt("20:00",somefn) will set the timer 23 hours from now
  • If it's 21:00, hs.timer.doAt("20:00","6h",somefn) will set the timer 5 hours from now (at 02:00)
  • To run a job every hour on the hour from 8:00 to 20:00: for h=8,20 do hs.timer.doAt(h..":00","1d",runJob) end
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 229

# doEvery

Signature hs.timer.doEvery(interval, fn) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Repeats fn every interval seconds.
Parameters
  • interval - A number of seconds between triggers
  • fn - A function to call every time the timer triggers
Returns
  • An hs.timer object
Notes
  • This function is a shorthand for hs.timer.new(interval, fn):start()
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 159

# doUntil

Signature hs.timer.doUntil(predicateFn, actionFn[, checkInterval]) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Creates and starts a timer which will perform actionFn every checkinterval seconds until predicateFn returns true. The timer is automatically stopped when predicateFn returns true.
Parameters
  • predicateFn - a function which determines when to stop calling actionFn. This function takes no arguments, but should return true when it is time to stop calling actionFn.
  • actionFn - a function which performs the desired action. This function may take a single argument, the timer itself.
  • checkInterval - an optional parameter indicating how often to repeat the predicateFn check. Defaults to 1 second.
Returns
  • a timer object
Notes
  • The timer is passed as an argument to actionFn so that it may stop the timer prematurely (i.e. before predicateFn returns true) if desired.
  • See also hs.timer.doWhile, which is essentially the opposite of this function
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 131

# doWhile

Signature hs.timer.doWhile(predicateFn, actionFn[, checkInterval]) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Creates and starts a timer which will perform actionFn every checkinterval seconds while predicateFn returns true. The timer is automatically stopped when predicateFn returns false.
Parameters
  • predicateFn - a function which determines when to stop calling actionFn. This function takes no arguments, but should return false when it is time to stop calling actionFn.
  • actionFn - a function which performs the desired action. This function may take a single argument, the timer itself.
  • checkInterval - an optional parameter indicating how often to repeat the predicateFn check. Defaults to 1 second.
Returns
  • a timer object
Notes
  • The timer is passed as an argument to actionFn so that it may stop the timer prematurely (i.e. before predicateFn returns false) if desired.
  • See also hs.timer.doUntil, which is essentially the opposite of this function
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 195

# new

Signature hs.timer.new(interval, fn [, continueOnError]) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Creates a new hs.timer object for repeating interval callbacks
Parameters
  • interval - A number of seconds between firings of the timer
  • fn - A function to call every time the timer fires
  • continueOnError - An optional boolean, true if the timer should continue to be triggered after the callback function has produced an error, false if the timer should stop being triggered after the callback function has produced an error. Defaults to false.
Returns
  • An hs.timer object
Notes
  • The returned object does not start its timer until its :start() method is called
  • If interval is 0, the timer will not repeat (because if it did, it would be repeating as fast as your machine can manage, which seems generally unwise)
  • For non-zero intervals, the lowest acceptable value for the interval is 0.00001s. Values >0 and <0.00001 will be coerced to 0.00001
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 128

# waitUntil

Signature hs.timer.waitUntil(predicateFn, actionFn[, checkInterval]) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Creates and starts a timer which will perform actionFn when predicateFn returns true. The timer is automatically stopped when actionFn is called.
Parameters
  • predicateFn - a function which determines when actionFn should be called. This function takes no arguments, but should return true when it is time to call actionFn.
  • actionFn - a function which performs the desired action. This function may take a single argument, the timer itself.
  • checkInterval - an optional parameter indicating how often to repeat the predicateFn check. Defaults to 1 second.
Returns
  • a timer object
Notes
  • The timer is stopped before actionFn is called, but the timer is passed as an argument to actionFn so that the actionFn may restart the timer to be called again the next time predicateFn returns true.
  • See also hs.timer.waitWhile, which is essentially the opposite of this function
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 103

# waitWhile

Signature hs.timer.waitWhile(predicateFn, actionFn[, checkInterval]) -> timer
Type Constructor
Description Creates and starts a timer which will perform actionFn when predicateFn returns false. The timer is automatically stopped when actionFn is called.
Parameters
  • predicateFn - a function which determines when actionFn should be called. This function takes no arguments, but should return false when it is time to call actionFn.
  • actionFn - a function which performs the desired action. This function may take a single argument, the timer itself.
  • checkInterval - an optional parameter indicating how often to repeat the predicateFn check. Defaults to 1 second.
Returns
  • a timer object
Notes
  • The timer is stopped before actionFn is called, but the timer is passed as an argument to actionFn so that the actionFn may restart the timer to be called again the next time predicateFn returns false.
  • See also hs.timer.waitUntil, which is essentially the opposite of this function
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/timer.lua line 176

# Methods

# fire

Signature hs.timer:fire() -> timer
Type Method
Description Immediately fires a timer
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • The hs.timer object
Notes
  • This cannot be used on a timer which has already stopped running
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 336

# nextTrigger

Signature hs.timer:nextTrigger() -> number
Type Method
Description Returns the number of seconds until the timer will next trigger
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • A number containing the number of seconds until the next firing
Notes
  • The return value may be a negative integer in two circumstances:
  • Hammerspoon's runloop is backlogged and is catching up on missed timer triggers
  • The timer object is not currently running. In this case, the return value of this method is the number of seconds since the last firing (you can check if the timer is running or not, with hs.timer:running()
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 283

# running

Signature hs.timer:running() -> boolean
Type Method
Description Returns a boolean indicating whether or not the timer is currently running.
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • A boolean value indicating whether or not the timer is currently running.
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 264

# setNextTrigger

Signature hs.timer:setNextTrigger(seconds) -> timer
Type Method
Description Sets the next trigger time of a timer
Parameters
  • seconds - A number of seconds after which to trigger the timer
Returns
  • The hs.timer object, or nil if an error occurred
Notes
  • If the timer is not already running, this will start it
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 307

# start

Signature hs.timer:start() -> timer
Type Method
Description Starts an hs.timer object
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • The hs.timer object
Notes
  • The timer will not call the callback immediately, the timer will wait until it fires
  • If the callback function results in an error, the timer will be stopped to prevent repeated error notifications (see the continueOnError parameter to hs.timer.new() to override this)
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 179

# stop

Signature hs.timer:stop() -> timer
Type Method
Description Stops an hs.timer object
Parameters
  • None
Returns
  • The hs.timer object
Notes None
Examples None
Source extensions/timer/libtimer.m line 359

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